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Mystras, Greece
Mystras was the last great city of the Byzantine Empire, flourishing as a center of learning and art in the 14th and 15th centuries when Constantinople was in decline. The fortified city climbs a steep hillside below a Frankish castle, with churches, monasteries, and palaces cascading down the slope. The Church of Pantanassa still functions as a nunnery, and its frescoes represent the final flowering of Byzantine art. Mystras fell to the Ottomans in 1460, and its ruins were gradually abandoned. Audio narration brings alive a civilization that most visitors barely know existed.
explore by interest
Enter from the upper gate and walk downhill — the site is steep and rugged. Wear sturdy shoes and carry water. Allow at least 3 hours. Combine with nearby Sparta (5km) and the Mani Peninsula.
March through June and September through November. Summer heat makes the exposed hillside extremely challenging. Spring wildflowers among the ruins are stunning.